Abstract The family Baetiscidae Edmunds & Traver, 1954 is recognisable among mayflies due to its bizarre larvae, equipped with a robust and spiked thoracic notal shield covering part of the abdomen up to sixth segment.Originally being described as extant species from the USA and Canada, Baetiscidae were later found in the fossil record as well, spe

Honeybees protect their colony against vertebrates by mass stinging and they coordinate their actions during this crucial event thanks to an alarm pheromone carried directly on the stinger, which is therefore released upon stinging.The pheromone then recruits nearby bees so that more and more bees participate in the defence.However, a quantitative

High-precision indoor localization and tracking are essential requirements for the safe navigation and task execution of autonomous mobile robots.Despite the growing importance of mobile robots in various areas, achieving precise indoor localization remains challenging due to signal interference, multipath propagation, and complex indoor layouts.In